Amazon Redshift vs Snowflake

Amazon Redshift and Snowflake both solve large-scale SQL analytics, but they start from different assumptions about where your data already lives. Redshift is…

Best for Amazon Redshift: Amazon Redshift is the better fit for organizations already standardized on AWS that want deep native integration with S3, Glue, Kinesis, QuickSight, and SageMaker, and that value a familiar PostgreSQL-based SQL dialect.
Best for Snowflake: Snowflake is the better fit for organizations that need to run across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, want independent scaling of storage and compute, or need native data sharing and a data marketplace for working with partners and third-party datasets.

At a Glance

 Amazon RedshiftSnowflake
Primary categoryDatabasesDatabases
RatingNot documentedNot documented
Pricing modelUsage-basedusage-based / consumption (credit-based)
Starting price$0.375 per RPU-hour (Serverless)Pay-as-you-go, approximately $2 per credit on Standard Edition (billed per second), plus separate storage costs; 30-day free trial with $400 in usage credits
Free planNot documentedNot documented
Free trialYesYes
PlatformsWebWeb
Team collaborationNot documentedNot documented
AI featuresYesYes
Public APIYesYes

Key Differences

Cloud platform support

Amazon Redshift: Amazon Redshift runs exclusively within AWS.

Snowflake: Snowflake runs natively on AWS, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud.

Multi-cloud or cloud-diversifying organizations cannot use Redshift outside AWS, while Snowflake lets them pick a provider and region per account.

Compute and storage architecture

Amazon Redshift: Redshift Serverless scales compute automatically per Redshift Processing Unit-hour, while provisioned clusters require choosing and managing node types and cluster size.

Snowflake: Snowflake separates storage and compute entirely, letting multi-cluster virtual warehouses scale up, down, or out independently of stored data.

Independent scaling of storage and compute in Snowflake can simplify capacity planning compared to Redshift provisioned clusters, which still require manual tuning of distribution keys and sort keys.

Pricing model and free tier

Amazon Redshift: Redshift bills per node-hour for provisioned clusters or per RPU-hour for Serverless, plus storage, with a free trial available for new AWS customers.

Snowflake: Snowflake bills approximately 2 dollars per credit on Standard Edition, billed per second, plus separate storage costs, with a 30-day free trial including 400 dollars in usage credits.

Both are usage-based rather than flat-fee, but Snowflake's trial is time- and credit-limited while Redshift's free trial is tied to ongoing AWS Free Tier eligibility.

Data lake querying

Amazon Redshift: Redshift Spectrum lets SQL queries run directly against data stored in Amazon S3 without loading it into the warehouse first.

Snowflake: Snowflake's provided facts do not document an equivalent named data lake query feature.

Redshift Spectrum is a documented, named capability for querying S3 data in place, which is a common data lake pattern for AWS-based teams.

Native data sharing and marketplace

Amazon Redshift: Redshift's documented facts do not include a named data sharing marketplace feature.

Snowflake: Snowflake offers Secure Data Sharing for live governed datasets and a Snowflake Marketplace for discovering third-party data and applications.

Organizations that regularly exchange data with partners, subsidiaries, or customers, or want to consume third-party datasets, get this as a built-in Snowflake capability.

Built-in AI and machine learning

Amazon Redshift: Redshift ML lets analysts create, train, and run machine learning models using SQL statements, powered by Amazon SageMaker under the hood.

Snowflake: Snowflake Cortex provides built-in large language model and AI functions for summarization, translation, sentiment analysis, and forecasting, and Snowpark lets developers write pipelines in Python, Java, or Scala inside Snowflake.

Both platforms embed AI and ML capability directly in SQL workflows, but Snowflake's documented set spans both LLM-style functions and a general programmatic runtime, while Redshift's is SQL-driven ML backed by SageMaker.

Operational data integration

Amazon Redshift: Redshift offers Zero-ETL integrations for near real-time data from Amazon Aurora and RDS, plus federated query against live PostgreSQL and MySQL databases.

Snowflake: Snowflake's provided facts do not document equivalent named zero-ETL or federated query features.

Redshift's documented integrations reduce custom pipeline work specifically for AWS-native operational databases.

Time travel and instant cloning

Amazon Redshift: Redshift's documented facts do not include a named time travel or zero-copy cloning feature.

Snowflake: Snowflake's Time Travel and zero-copy cloning let teams query or restore historical data and clone databases, schemas, or tables instantly without duplicating storage.

This documented Snowflake capability supports fast recovery from mistakes and low-cost creation of test or development copies of production data.

Concurrency handling under bursty load

Amazon Redshift: Redshift's concurrency scaling automatically adds temporary cluster capacity during spikes in concurrent queries.

Snowflake: Snowflake's multi-cluster virtual warehouses scale automatically to handle concurrent queries and variable workload demand.

Both platforms document automatic scaling for concurrency spikes, though Redshift's own documented cons note that Serverless workloads can experience scaling latency under sudden bursty patterns.

SQL dialect and learning curve

Amazon Redshift: Redshift originated as a fork of PostgreSQL, giving it a familiar PostgreSQL-based SQL dialect that lowers the learning curve for existing SQL users.

Snowflake: Snowflake's advanced features such as Snowpark and Cortex are documented as requiring additional learning for teams new to the platform.

Teams with existing PostgreSQL SQL skills may ramp up faster on Redshift's core dialect, while unlocking Snowflake's full advanced feature set takes more onboarding investment.

Feature-by-Feature

Core architecture

FeatureAmazon RedshiftSnowflake
Columnar storageAvailableNot documented
Massively parallel processingAvailableNot documented
Separation of storage and computeNot documentedAvailable
Serverless or auto-provisioned computeAvailableAvailable

Cloud platform reach

FeatureAmazon RedshiftSnowflake
Runs on AWSAvailableAvailable
Runs on Microsoft AzureUnavailableAvailable
Runs on Google CloudUnavailableAvailable

Data lake and external data access

FeatureAmazon RedshiftSnowflake
Query S3 data lake directlyAvailableNot documented
Federated query into operational databasesAvailableNot documented
Zero-ETL integration from operational databasesAvailableNot documented

Data sharing and ecosystem

FeatureAmazon RedshiftSnowflake
Native secure data sharingNot documentedAvailable
Data or app marketplaceNot documentedAvailable

AI and machine learning

FeatureAmazon RedshiftSnowflake
SQL-driven machine learningAvailableNot documented
Built-in LLM or generative AI functionsNot documentedAvailable
In-platform programmatic pipeline developmentNot documentedAvailable

Performance and caching

FeatureAmazon RedshiftSnowflake
Materialized viewsAvailableNot documented
Concurrency scaling for query spikesAvailableAvailable
Instant cloning or historical data recoveryNot documentedAvailable

Governance and security

FeatureAmazon RedshiftSnowflake
Encryption at rest and in transitAvailableNot documented
Role-based access controlNot documentedAvailable
Dedicated private deployment optionNot documentedAvailable

Pricing and trial

FeatureAmazon RedshiftSnowflake
Usage-based billingAvailableAvailable
Free trialAvailableAvailable
Reserved or discounted long-term pricingAvailableNot documented

Pricing Compared

Starting price reflects the lowest paid tier, not the full cost for every team size or usage level.

Amazon Redshift

Serverless — From $0.375/RPU-hour usage-based (per-second billing)
Provisioned On-Demand — From $0.543/hour usage-based (hourly)
Reserved Instances — Discounted vs. on-demand 1- or 3-year commitment

Snowflake

Standard — Consumption-based (contact sales for credit pricing) usage-based
Enterprise — Consumption-based (contact sales for credit pricing) usage-based
Business Critical — Consumption-based (contact sales for credit pricing) usage-based
Virtual Private Snowflake (VPS) — Consumption-based (contact sales for credit pricing) usage-based

Pros & Cons

Amazon Redshift

Pros

  • Usage-based pricing avoids upfront infrastructure investment
  • Serverless option removes the need to manage cluster capacity
  • Deep native integrations with the AWS data and AI ecosystem (S3, SageMaker, Bedrock)
  • Zero-ETL integrations reduce pipeline engineering for near-real-time analytics

Cons

  • Usage-based billing can be harder to predict/budget than flat-rate pricing
  • Deepest value is realized within the AWS ecosystem
  • Provisioned cluster tuning and RPU sizing require some AWS data warehousing expertise

Snowflake

Pros

  • Elastic, pay-per-use compute that scales independently of storage
  • Strong multi-cloud portability across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud
  • Mature, governed data-sharing ecosystem and public data marketplace
  • Broad enterprise security and compliance certifications
  • Rapidly expanding native AI and machine learning tooling via Cortex and Snowpark

Cons

  • Consumption-based billing can become expensive without active cost monitoring
  • Pricing complexity makes upfront cost forecasting harder than flat-fee tools
  • Getting full value requires SQL and data-engineering expertise on staff
  • Some AI features are newer and still maturing relative to specialized ML platforms
  • Data egress and migration costs can be a factor when moving away from Snowflake

Use Cases

Choose Amazon Redshift: Amazon Redshift is the better fit for organizations already standardized on AWS that want deep native integration with S3, Glue, Kinesis, QuickSight, and SageMaker, and that value a familiar PostgreSQL-based SQL dialect.
Choose Snowflake: Snowflake is the better fit for organizations that need to run across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, want independent scaling of storage and compute, or need native data sharing and a data marketplace for working with partners and third-party datasets.
Need both: A large enterprise with subsidiaries or business units on different clouds, or one that acquired a company already running the other platform, would reasonably end up operating both rather than migrating one workload just to consolidate.

Amazon Redshift

  • Enterprise business intelligence — Run SQL analytics across unified data sources to power BI dashboards and reporting.
  • Near-real-time analytics — Use zero-ETL integrations with Aurora, RDS, DynamoDB, and streaming services for up-to-date reporting.
  • ML-driven analytics — Combine Redshift data with SageMaker and Bedrock for predictive modeling and generative AI applications.

Snowflake

  • Multi-cloud enterprise data warehousing — Large enterprises consolidate data from multiple business units and cloud providers into Snowflake for unified analytics.
  • AI and machine learning pipelines on governed data — Data science and AI teams use Snowpark and Snowflake Cortex to build and run AI models directly on governed enterprise data.
  • Secure data sharing with partners and customers — Organizations use Snowflake's native data sharing and marketplace features to exchange live data with partners without copying files.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Amazon Redshift cheaper than Snowflake

Neither is a flat cheaper option since both use usage-based pricing, but Redshift bills per node-hour or per RPU-hour plus storage, while Snowflake bills roughly 2 dollars per credit on its Standard Edition billed per second plus separate storage costs, so the actual cheaper choice depends on workload shape, and both require monitoring to control cost.

Can Amazon Redshift run outside AWS

No, Amazon Redshift is an AWS-native service and runs exclusively within AWS, whereas Snowflake runs natively on AWS, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud.

Does Snowflake do everything Redshift Spectrum does

The provided Snowflake facts do not document an equivalent named feature for querying S3 data lake content directly the way Redshift Spectrum does, so this should be verified against current Snowflake documentation if S3-native querying is a requirement.

Which is easier for beginners, Redshift or Snowflake

Redshift may have a shorter initial learning curve for teams already comfortable with SQL because it originated as a PostgreSQL fork, while Snowflake's core querying is also SQL-based but its advanced features like Snowpark and Cortex are documented as requiring additional learning for teams new to the platform.

Do both Redshift and Snowflake offer a free trial

Yes, Redshift offers a free trial for new AWS customers under AWS Free Tier terms, and Snowflake offers a 30-day free trial that includes 400 dollars in usage credits.

Which has better built-in AI features, Redshift or Snowflake

Both document built-in AI capability but of different kinds: Redshift ML lets analysts build machine learning models using SQL statements powered by Amazon SageMaker, while Snowflake Cortex provides built-in large language model and AI functions such as summarization, translation, sentiment analysis, and forecasting, plus Snowpark for programmatic pipeline development.

Read the full Amazon Redshift review · Read the full Snowflake review